@prefix rdf: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix bibo: . @prefix cito: . @prefix dc: . @prefix dwc: . @prefix dwcFP: . @prefix fabio: . @prefix trt: . @prefix xlink: . cito:cites , , , , , ; dc:creator "Groll, Elisa Von" ; dc:title "Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire 1845" ; dwc:basisOfRecord , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ; trt:augmentsTaxonConcept ; trt:deprecates ; trt:publishedIn ; a trt:Treatment . bibo:endPage "346" ; bibo:issue "3" ; bibo:journal "Zootaxa" ; bibo:pubDate "2021-10-07" ; bibo:startPage "334" ; bibo:volume "5048" ; dc:creator "Groll, Elisa Von" ; dc:date "2021" ; dc:title "Solving an old dilemma: are the two sympatric species Lema apicalis and L. reticulosa (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Criocerinae) morphotypes of a single species?" ; fabio:hasPart , , , , , ; a fabio:JournalArticle . dwc:authority "Lacordaire, 1845", "Lacordaire, 1845: 388" ; dwc:authorityName "Lacordaire" ; dwc:authorityPageNumber "388" ; dwc:authorityYear "1845" ; dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:genus "Lema" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Lacordaire, 1845" ; dwc:species "apicalis" ; dwc:subGenus "Quasilema" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:authority "Clark, 1866: 31" ; dwc:authorityName "Clark" ; dwc:authorityPageNumber "31" ; dwc:authorityYear "1866" ; dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:genus "Lema" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:scientificNameAuthorship "Clark, 1866" ; dwc:species "reticulosa" ; trt:hasTaxonName ; a dwcFP:TaxonConcept . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:genus "Lema" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "apicalis" ; dwc:subGenus "Quasilema" ; trt:hasParentName , ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:genus "Lema" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "subGenus" ; dwc:subGenus "Quasilema" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:genus "Lema" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "genus" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "family" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "order" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "class" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "phylum" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:rank "kingdom" ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dwc:class "Insecta" ; dwc:family "Chrysomelidae" ; dwc:genus "Lema" ; dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ; dwc:order "Coleoptera" ; dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ; dwc:rank "species" ; dwc:species "reticulosa" ; trt:hasParentName ; a dwcFP:TaxonName . dc:description "FIGURES 1–14. Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire, 1845, apicalis pattern: habitus; 1, dorsal view, 2, lateral view; reticulosa pattern: 3, dorsal view, 4, lateral view; intermediate pattern: 5, dorsal view; intermediate pattern: 6, detail of the scutellum, 7, epipleuron, lateral view; apicalis pattern: 8, head, frontal view; 9, antenna; 10, labrum; mandible: 11, inner view; 12, outer view; 13, maxilla; 14, labium, ventral view (a7, antennomere VII). Scale bars: 1–5 = 1 mm; 6–9 = 0.5 mm, 10–14 = 0.1 mm." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "FIGURES 15–21. Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire, 1845, apicalis pattern: 15, pronotum; 16, prothorax, ventral view; 17, prothorax, internal view; 18, scutellar plate; 19, meso- and metasternum; 20, metendosternite, dorsal view; 21, hindwing (1J, jugal; 1Cuc, first cubital cell; al, anterior lamina; C, Costa; fa, furcal arm; Pcu, Post cubits; pr, profurca; R, Radius; rc, radial cell; Sc, Subcosta; vl, ventral lamina, vt, ventral tendon). Scale bars: Figs 15–18 = 0.5 mm; Fig. 19 = 1 mm; Fig 20 = 0.2 mm." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "FIGURES 22–32. Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire, 1845: male, 22, tergite VIII, and genitalia; aedeagus: 23, ventral view, 24, lateral view; female: 25, ventrite VII and genitalia; 26, tergite VIII, and genitalia; 27, sternite VIII; 28, vaginal palpi; 29-31, spermatheca: apicalis pattern: 29, specimen 1, 30, specimen 2, 31, specimen 3; reticulosa pattern: 32. (ap, apodeme; bc, bursa copulatrix; ds, distal part of the spermathecal; i, intestine; gs, spicullum gastrale; ml, median lobe; ov, oviduct; ps, proximal part of the spermathecal capsule; s, spermathecal capsule; s8, sternite VIII; sc, sclerite of the internal sac; sd, spermathecal duct; sg, spermathecal gland; t, tegmen; t7, tergite VII; t8, tergite VIII, v5, ventrite V, vp, vaginal palpi). Scale bars: Figs 22–26 = 0.5 mm; Figs 27, 28 = 0.2 mm; Figs 29–32 = 0.1 mm." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "FIGURE 33. Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire, 1845 distribution map. Circles represent the material examined and squares, data from literature." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "FIGURES 34–42. 34, Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire, 1845 on the host plant; Vassobia breviflora (Sendtn.) Hunz.: 35, adult plant, fully mature; 36, flower; 37–40, Lema apicalis, copule; 37, male and female apicalis pattern; 38, male and female reticulosa pattern; 39, male reticulosa pattern and female apicalis pattern; 40, male apicalis pattern and female reticulosa pattern; 41, mate guarding; 42, defense behavior (regurgitation)." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dc:description "FIGURES 43–53. Lema (Quasilema) apicalis Lacordaire, 1845: 43, development of immature stages on Vassobia breviflora (Sendtn.) Hunz (leaf with underside facing up); eggs: 44, one day; 45, five days, immediately pre-hatching; 46, larvae hatching from eggs; 47–50, larval feeding; 51, larvae, last instar, before defecating; 52, larval last instar, defecation and migration to soil; 53, pupae. Arrow indicates regurgitation." ; fabio:hasRepresentation ; a fabio:Figure . dwc:eventDate "1993-02-19" ; dwc:locality "Tres Barras do Parana" ; dwc:recordedBy "A. Bonaldo" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3383505322" ; trt:httpUri ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:collectionCode "T" ; dwc:locality "Rio Grande do Sul" ; dwc:recordedBy "T. de Lema" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3383505344" ; trt:httpUri ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:eventDate "1985-03-18" ; dwc:locality "Campo Bom" ; dwc:recordedBy "C. J. Becker" ; dwc:verbatimLatitude "62.135" ; dwc:verbatimLongitude "62.273" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3383505317" ; trt:httpUri ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:eventDate "1984-01-22" ; dwc:locality "Canela" ; dwc:recordedBy "M. Hoffmann" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3383505333" ; trt:httpUri ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:eventDate "1962-01-06" ; dwc:recordedBy "P. C. Braun" ; trt:gbifOccurrenceId "3383505332" ; trt:httpUri ; a dwc:MaterialCitation . dwc:eventDate "1998-01" ; dwc:locality "Coxilha do Fogo" ; dwc:recordedBy "C. N. 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