Lee, Chi-Feng; Chiang, Ming-Yao; Geiser, Michael F.; Chuang, Kuo-Hung
The genus Nisotra Baly, 1864 (Coleoptera, Chrysomeliae, Galerucinae, Alticini) in Taiwan, with redescriptions of four Asian species and notes on the immature stages of N. gemella (Erichson, 1834)
Figure 3. Habitus of Nisotra species A N. chrysomeloides Jacoby, female, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D N. dohertyi (Maulik), female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view G N. gemella (Erichson), female, dorsal view H ditto, ventral view I ditto, lateral view.
Figure 6. Type specimens and labels A Haltica gemella Erichson, 1834, lectotype B aedeagus dissected from lectotype, left: dorsal view; right: lateral view C labels pinned with lectotype D labels pinned with a paralectotype E Sphaeroderma javana Motschulsky, 1866, lectotype F aedeagus dissected from lectotype, left: dorsal view; right: lateral view G labels pinned with lectotype H Sphaeroderma orbiculata Motschulsky, 1866, lectotype I aedeagus dissected from lectotype, left: dorsal view; right: lateral view J labels pinned with lectotype K Nisotra bowringi Baly, 1876, lectotype L labels pinned with lectotype M Podagrica hibisci Bryant, 1941 N labels pinned with lectotype O Nisotra nigripes Jacoby, 1894, holotype P labels pinned with holotype.
Figure 7. Nisotra gemella (Erichson), adult A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII, female F spermatheca G gonocoxae.
Figure 8. Nisotra gemella (Erichson), third-instar larva A larva in dorsal view B larva in lateral view C leg D abdominal ventrite IX E pygopod. Abbreviations: co- coxa; fe- femur; ta- tarsungulus; tb- tibia; tr- trochanter.
Figure 9. Nisotra gemella (Erichson), third-instar larva A head B maxilla and labium C antenna, in lateral view D antenna, in dorso-lateral view E epipharynx F mandible. Abbreviations: ec- endocarina; f 1 – f 3 - setae on frontal area; fs- frontal suture; lg- ligula; lp- labial palp; ml- mala; mp- maxillary palp; pf- palpifer; pom- postmentum; prm- prementum; s 1 – s 5 - setae on sides of head; st- stripes; v 1 – v 4 - setae on vertex.
Figure 10. Nisotra gemella (Erichson), third-instar larva: location of tubercles and body chaetotaxy. Abbreviations: Pr- prothorax; Ms- mesothorax; Mt- metathorax; A 1 – A 8 - abdominal segments I – VIII.
Figure 11. Nisotra gemella (Erichson), pupa A dorsal view B head C abdominal segments VII – IX.
Figure 12. Nisotra gemella (Erichson) A female depositing eggs on soil B eggs C larvae feeding on roots D mature larvae crawling into soil and constructing underground chamber for pupation E pupa F adults attacking Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.
Figure 4. Nisotra chrysomeloides Jacoby, adult A antenna, male B antenna, female C apex of aedeagus, front view D base of aedeagus, dorsal view E aedeagus, lateral view F abdominal ventrite VIII, female G spermatheca H gonocoxae.
Figure 14. Nisotra nigripes Jacoby, adult A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII, female F spermatheca G gonocoxae.
Figure 5. Nisotra dohertyi (Maulik), adult A antenna, male B antenna, female C apex of aedeagus, front view D base of aedeagus, dorsal view E aedeagus, lateral view F abdominal ventrite VIII, female, from China (Yunnan) G abdominal ventrite VIII, female, from China (Laos) H spermatheca I gonocoxae.