@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix bibo: <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/> .
@prefix cito: <http://purl.org/spar/cito/> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/> .
@prefix dwc: <http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/> .
@prefix dwcFP: <http://filteredpush.org/ontologies/oa/dwcFP#> .
@prefix fabio: <http://purl.org/spar/fabio/> .
@prefix trt: <http://plazi.org/vocab/treatment#> .
@prefix xlink: <http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/> .

<http://treatment.plazi.org/id/027587C9BD67303CFD6618314C72E0AC>
    cito:cites <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949134>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949162>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949174>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949178>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949192>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949208>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949226>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949276>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949320>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949118>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949184>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949112>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949336>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949104>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949182> ;
    dc:creator "Borkent, Art" ;
    dc:title "Echinohelea Macfie" ;
    trt:publishedIn <http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3879.1.1> ;
    trt:treatsTaxonName <http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Echinohelea> ;
    a trt:Treatment .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3879.1.1>
    bibo:endPage "327" ;
    bibo:issue "1" ;
    bibo:journal "Zootaxa" ;
    bibo:pubDate "2014-10-31" ;
    bibo:startPage "1" ;
    bibo:volume "3879" ;
    dc:creator "Borkent, Art" ;
    dc:date "2014" ;
    dc:title "The Pupae of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With a Generic Key and Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationships Between Genera" ;
    fabio:hasPart <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949134>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949162>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949174>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949178>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949192>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949208>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949226>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949276>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949320>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949118>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949184>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949112>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949336>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949104>, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949182> ;
    a fabio:JournalArticle .

<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Echinohelea>
    dwc:class "Insecta" ;
    dwc:family "Ceratopogonidae" ;
    dwc:genus "Echinohelea" ;
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:order "Diptera" ;
    dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ;
    dwc:rank "genus" ;
    trt:hasParentName <http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Ceratopogonidae> ;
    a dwcFP:TaxonName .

<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Ceratopogonidae>
    dwc:class "Insecta" ;
    dwc:family "Ceratopogonidae" ;
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:order "Diptera" ;
    dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ;
    dwc:rank "family" ;
    trt:hasParentName <http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Diptera> ;
    a dwcFP:TaxonName .

<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Diptera>
    dwc:class "Insecta" ;
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:order "Diptera" ;
    dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ;
    dwc:rank "order" ;
    trt:hasParentName <http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Insecta> ;
    a dwcFP:TaxonName .

<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Insecta>
    dwc:class "Insecta" ;
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ;
    dwc:rank "class" ;
    trt:hasParentName <http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Arthropoda> ;
    a dwcFP:TaxonName .

<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia/Arthropoda>
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:phylum "Arthropoda" ;
    dwc:rank "phylum" ;
    trt:hasParentName <http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia> ;
    a dwcFP:TaxonName .

<http://taxon-name.plazi.org/id/Animalia>
    dwc:kingdom "Animalia" ;
    dwc:rank "kingdom" ;
    a dwcFP:TaxonName .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949134>
    dc:description "FIGURE 20. Dorsal apotomes, anterior view. A. Stilobezzia soror (from Mayer 1934c). B. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). C. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia pallidiventris (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). E. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth & Grogan 1981, modified). G. Serromyia sp.. H. Allohelea japonica. I. Monohelea obscura. J. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). K. Parabezzia alexanderi male (from Grogan & Wirth 1977a, modified). L. Parabezzia alexanderi female (from Grogan & Wirth 1977a, modified). M. Clinohelea dryas (from Elson-Harris & Kettle 1986). N. Clinohelea tasmaniensis (from Elson-Harris & Kettle 1986). O. Heteromyia wokei (from Wirth & Grogan 1977, modified). P. Pellucidomyia leei (from Elson-Harris & Kettle 1986)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949134/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949162>
    dc:description "FIGURE 26. Posterior portion of heads, in ventral view. A. Echinohelea lanei (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Clinohelea curriei. C. Heteromyia wokei. D. Pellucidomyia leei. E. Dibezzia debenhamae (reconstructed from distorted specimen). F. Hebetula tonnoiri. G. Jenkinshelea magnipennis H. Macropeza bayeri." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949162/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949174>
    dc:description "FIGURE 30. Dorsal setae from left side of thoraces. A. Serromyia sp. B. Allohelea japonica. C. Monohelea obscura. D. Atyphohelea macroneura. E. Parabezzia huberti. F. Echinohelea lanei. G. Clinohelea curriei. H. Heteromyia clavata. I. Pellucidomyia leei. J. Dibezzia debenhamae (dirty specimen, D-5-T perhaps broken setal socket). K. Hebetula tonnoiri. L. Jenkinshelea magnipennis. M. Macropeza natalensis. N. Mallochohelea caudellii. O. Probezzia sabroskyi. P. Neobezzia fittkaui (from Ronderos et al. 2011, modified). Q. Nilobezzia curticornis. R. Johannsenomyia argentata. S. Lanatomyia miles. T. Anebomyia atripes." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949174/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949178>
    dc:description "FIGURE 31. Dorsal setae from left side of thoraces; anteromedial setae. A. Homohelea delanoe. B. Leehelea hispida. C. Sphaeromias longipennis. D. Xenohelea galatea. E. Bezzia nobilis. F. Clastrieromyia dycei. G. Pachyhelea pachymera. H. Palpomyia jonesi. I. Phaenobezzia mashonensis. J. Paryphoconus oliveirai. K. Echinohelea lanei, partial lateral view (distorted slide specimen). L. Palpomyia (JAD685), dorsal view. M. Palpomyia (JAD685), dorsolateral view. N. Probezzia seminigra, dorsal view of left side." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949178/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949192>
    dc:description "FIGURE 37. Legs, wings and apices of the antennae, in ventral view. A. Atyphohelea macroneura. B. Parabezzia huberti. C. Echinohelea lanei (reconstructed from distorted specimen). D. Clinohelea currei. E. Heteromyia clavata. F. Pellucidomyia leei." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949192/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949208>
    dc:description "FIGURE 44. Respiratory organs, in dorsal view, pattern on tracheal tubes shown only in some. A. Alluaudomyia latipennis (from Debenham 1971). B. Alluaudomyia footei (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). C. Baeodasymyia christopheri (from Borkent & Craig 1999). D. Austrohelea campbellensis. E. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth & Grogan 1981, modified). F. Stilobezzia glauca (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). G. Stilobezzia ochracea (from Kettle & Lawson 1952). H. Stilobezzia diversa (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). I. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent & Craig 2001). J. Stilobezzia navaiae (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). K. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth & Grogan 1981). L. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth & Grogan 1981, as a Stilobezzia). M. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). N. Serromyia femorata (from Kettle & Lawson 1952). O. Allohelea japonica. P.Monohelea hirsuta (from Wirth & Grogan 1981, modified). Q. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). R. Parabezzia alexanderi (from Grogan & Wirth 1977a). S. Parabezzia huberti (from Grogan & Wirth 1977a). T. Echinohelea lanei (from Wirth 1994b)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949208/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949226>
    dc:description "FIGURE 50. Metathoraces and tergites 1, in dorsal view. A. Atyphohelea macroneura. B. Parabezzia huberti. C. Echinohelea lanei. D. Clinohelea currei. E. Heteromyia wokei. F. Pellucidomyia leei." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949226/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949276>
    dc:description "FIGURE 63. Abdominal segments four, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). A. Echinohelea lanei (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Clinohelea unimaculata. C. Heteromyia wokei." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949276/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949320>
    dc:description "FIGURE 75. Abdominal segments 9. A. Parabezzia huberti, female, in ventral view (from Grogan & Wirth 1977a). B. Echinohelea lanei (from Wirth 1994b). C. Clinohelea bimaculata, female, in ventral view (from Wirth & Grogan 1979). D. Heteromyia wokei, male, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth & Grogan 1977). E. Heteromyia wokei, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth & Grogan 1977). F. Heteromyia clavata, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth & Grogan 1977). G. Pellucidomyia leei, male, in dorsal view (from Elson-Harris & Kettle 1986). H. Pellucidomyia geari, male, in ventral view (from de Meillon & Wirth 1981). I. Dibezzia debenhamae, male, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). J. Hebetula tonnoiri, female, in dorsal view (from Elson-Harris 1987). K. Jenkinshelea albaria, male, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth & Grogan 1979). L. Jenkinshelea albaria, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth & Grogan 1979)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949320/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949118>
    dc:description "FIGURE 16. Anterior portion of heads. A. Parabezzia huberti, in ventral view (distorted slide specimen). B. Parabezzia sp. (5 km. E. Danby, Vermont, USA), ventrolateral view. C. Clinohelea curriei, in ventral view. D. Heteromyia clavata, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present. E. Heteromyia wokei, in ventral, slightly lateral view. F. Pellucidomyia leei, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949118/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949184>
    dc:description "FIGURE 33. Cephalothoraces and abdominal segments 1–3, in lateral view. A. Parabezzia sp. (5 km. E. Danby, Vermont, USA). B. Clinohelea curriei. C. Pellucidomyia leei. D. Hebetula tonnoiri. E. Jenkinshelea sp. (from Ottawa, ON, Canada). F. Mallochohelea caudellii. G. Probezzia seminigra. H. Nilobezzia sp. (from Kruger NP, South Africa). I. Sphaeromias longipennis. J. Bezzia sp. (6 km E. Salmon Arm, BC, Canada) K. Palpomyia sp. (Black Lake, Quebec, Canada). L. Phaenobezzia sp. (from Skulsuza, South Africa)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949184/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949112>
    dc:description "FIGURE 15. Anterior portion of heads. A. Culicoides denticulatus, in anteroventral view. B. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus, in anterior view. C. Brachypogon sp., in anterior view (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). D. Stilobezzia antennalis, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present. E. Allohelea japonica, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present (distorted slide specimen). F. Atyphohelea macroneura, in ventral view, right side of head, dorsal apotome not present." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949112/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949336>
    dc:description "FIGURE 79. Evolution of ecdysial sutures and splits in pupal exuviae of Ceratopogonidae, head and anterior portion of thorax in ventral view. Numbers refer to character states of characters 2 and 8 in text. Red indicates ecdysial splits. A. Leptoconopinae. B. Forcipomyiinae. C. Dasyheleinae. D. Most Ceratopogonini. E. Most Ceratopogonini, Clinohelea. F. Allohelea, Atyphohelea, Parabezzia. G. Heteromyia, Pellucidomyia, Hebetula. H. most Sphaeromiini s. lat., most Palpomyiini, Paryphoconus; some Bezzia are nearly completed fused (as in Fig. 79I), with only the dorsal apotome separate, along with an ecdysial split along the base of the antenna and the dorsal thoracic split. I. Jenkinshelea, Macropeza, Mallochohelea, Probezzia, Neobezzia." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949336/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949104>
    dc:description "FIGURE 13. Anterior portion of heads and thoraces, in anterior or anterodorsal view. A. Leptoconops kerteszi, ecdysial sutures of head enhanced to show position. B. Culicoides denticulatus. C. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus. D. Brachypogon sp. (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). E. Alluaudomyia bella, dorsal apotome absent. F. Clinohelea curriei. G. Pellucidomyia leei. H. Mallochohelea caudellii. I. Bezzia sp. (from Bolean Lake, BC, Canada)." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949104/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .

<http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949182>
    dc:description "FIGURE 32. Cephalothoraces and abdominal segments 1–3, in lateral view. A. Austroconops mcmillani. B. Leptoconops linleyi. C. Forcipomyia (Phytohelea) sp. (Florida, USA). D. Atrichopogon sp. (from 6.5 km NW Enderby, BC, Canada). E. Dasyhelea sp., in anteroventral view (Herman Lake, 4 km SE Eagle Bay, BC, Canada). F. Dasyhelea oppresa. G. Culicoides denticulatus. H. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus. I. Brachypogon sp. (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). J. Alluaudomyia bella. K. Baeodasymyia michaeli. L. Stilobezzia antennalis." ;
    fabio:hasRepresentation <https://zenodo.org/record/4949182/files/figure.png> ;
    a fabio:Figure .