dc:creator"Chambi-Trowell, Sofia A. V.; Martinell, Agust ́ ın G.; Whitesid, David I.; Romo de Viva, Paulo R.; Soare, Marina Bento; Schult, Cesar L.; Gil, Pamela G.; Bento, Michael J.; Rayfiel, Emily J.";
bibo:journal"Journal of Systematic Palaeontology";
bibo:pubDate"2021-11-01";
bibo:startPage"787";
bibo:volume"19";
dc:creator"Chambi-Trowell, Sofia A. V.; Martinell, Agust ́ ın G.; Whitesid, David I.; Romo de Viva, Paulo R.; Soare, Marina Bento; Schult, Cesar L.; Gil, Pamela G.; Bento, Michael J.; Rayfiel, Emily J.";
dc:date"2021";
dc:title"The diversity of Triassic South American sphenodontians: a new basal form, clevosaurs, and a revision of rhynchocephalian phylogeny";
dc:description"Figure 4. Cross-sections of the tooth implantation in Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (A–C, N) and Clevosaurus brasiliensis (D–M, O). A–C, coronal cross-sections showing tooth implantation in Microsphenodon bonapartei (UFRGS-PV-0972-T) in: A, posterior-most dentary tooth; B, posterior-most maxillary tooth; and C, palate. D–H, coronal cross-sections showing tooth implantation in Clevosaurus brasiliensis (UFRGS-PV-0748-T) in: D, posterior-most dentary tooth; E, penultimate additional maxillary tooth; H, hatchling teeth; and for UFRGS-PV-0974-T in F, ultimate maxillary and dentary teeth; and G, hatchling teeth. Sagittal cross-sections of the bone bearing elements of Clevosaurus brasiliensis (UFRGS-PV-0974-T) for I, palatine; J, left pterygoid; K, right pterygoid; L, left maxilla; and M, left dentary. N, left maxilla and dentary of Microsphenodon bonapartei (UFRGS-PV-0972-T) demonstrating the depth of the acrodont implantation. O, left maxilla and dentary of Clevosaurus brasiliensis (UFRGS-PV-0748-T) demonstrating the depth of the acrodont implantation. Abbreviations: add, additional; alc, alveolar canal; cap, pulp cavity; d, dentary; ht, hatchling; j, jugal; m, maxilla; mc, Meckelian canal; pal, palatine; pm, premaxilla; prf, prefrontal; pt, pterygoid; th, tooth. Scale bars for A–K equal 1 mm; L–O equal 10 mm.";
dc:description"Figure 6. Ventral view of palatines for Clevosaurus brasiliensis (A–D), and Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (E–G). A, UFSM-PV-0131; B, UFRGS-PV-0748-T; C, UFRGS-PV-0974-T; D, MCN-PV 2852. E, right palatine, UFRGS-PV-0827-T; F, right palatine, UFRGS-PV-0613-T; G, left palatine, UFRGS-PV-0972-T. Abbreviations: cl, cluster; d, dentary; iso, isolated; lat, lateral; rid, ridge; th, tooth. Not to scale.";
dc:description"Figure 9. Cranial material of Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (A, UFRGS-PV-0972-T; B, C, UFRGS-PV-0613-T; D, E, UFRGS-PV-0827-T; F, UFRGS-PV-0848-T). A, left lateral view of the holotype near-complete skull UFRGS-PV-0972-T. B, C, partial skull of UFRGS-PV-0613-T in: B, left lateral; and C, ventral views. D, E, right palatine UFRGS-PV-0827-T in: D, right lateral; and E, ventral views. F, medial view of left dentary UFRGS-PV-0848-T. Scale bars equal 5 mm.";
dc:description"Figure 11. Digital segmentation of selected cranial material of the holotype of Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (UFRGS-PV-0972-T). A–C, left maxilla in: A, lateral; B, ventral; and C, medial views. D–F, left nasal and prefrontal in: D, dorsal; E, lateral; and F, posterior views. G, H, left postfrontal in: G, medial; and H, lateral views. I, J, articulated frontals and parietals in: I, dorsal; and J, ventral views. K, L, left jugal in: K, lateral; and L, medial views. M, N, left postorbital in: M, medial; and N, lateral views. O, P, right squamosal in: O, lateral; and P, medial views. Abbreviations: add, additional; alt, alternating; ant, anterior; can, caniniform; con, conical; ept, epipterygoid; f, frontal; fac, facet; fl, flange; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pal, palatine; pfr, prefrontal; pinf, pineal foramen; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pof, postfrontal; post, posterior; prf, prefrontal; proc, process; q, quadrate; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; th, tooth; ven, ventral. Scale bars for A–H, K–P equal 5 mm; I, J equal 10 mm.";
dc:description"Figure 12. Digital segmentation of selected cranial material of the holotype of Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (UFRGS-PV-0972-T). A, B, left supratemporal in: A, dorsal; and B, ventral views. C–E, left quadrate in: C, medial; D, lateral; E, posterior views. F, left vomer in ventral view. G, H, left palatine in: G, lateral; and H, ventral views. I, J, pterygoids in: I, ventral; and J, dorsal views. K, left ectopterygoid in ventral view. L, left pterygoid and epipterygoid in lateral view. Abbreviations: ant, anterior; artcon, articular condyle; bs, basisphenoid; epi, epipterygoid; ept, ectopterygoid; fac, facet; fl, flange; for, foramen; iso, isolated; j, jugal; lat, lateral; m, maxilla; med, medial; p, parietal; pal, palatine; proc, process; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; qj, quadratojugal; rid, ridge; sq, squamosal; th, tooth; ven, ventral; ver, vertical; vo, vomer. Scale bars for A, B, F–H, K equals 1 mm; C, D, I, J, L equals 5 mm.";
dc:description"Figure 14. Reconstructions of the skulls of Clevosaurus brasiliensis (A–D) and Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (E–H). A, B, cranium of C. brasiliensis in: A, dorsal; B, ventral views. C, right lateral view of the cranium and mandible of C. brasiliensis. D, a medial view of the right mandible of C. brasiliensis. E, F, cranium of M. bonapartei in: E, dorsal, F, ventral views. G, a right lateral view of the cranium and mandible of M. bonapartei. H, a medial view of the right mandible of M. bonapartei. Abbreviations: ang, angular; art, articular; bo, basioccipital; bs, basisphenoid; cor, coronoid; d, dentary; epi, epipterygoid; ept, ectopterygoid; f, frontal; j, jugal; m, maxilla; n, nasal; p, parietal; pal, palatine; pm, premaxilla; po, postorbital; pof, postfrontal; pfr, prefrontal; pra, prearticular; ps, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; so, supraoccipital; sq, squamosal; st, supratemporal; sur, surangular; vo, vomer. Scale bars equal 10mm.";
dc:description"Figure 15. Life reconstruction of Microsphenodon bonapartei gen. et sp. nov. (top left) and Clevosaurus brasiliensis (bottom right). Work by Lavinia Gandolfi.";
